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Attributes of Ways and Means PDF
Upon his election to the presidency, Abraham Lincoln inherited a country in crisis. Even before the Confederacy’s secession, the United States Treasury had run out of money. The government had no authority to raise taxes, no federal bank, no currency. But amid unprecedented troubles Lincoln saw opportunity—the chance to legislate in the centralizing spirit of the “more perfect union” that had first drawn him to politics. With Lincoln at the helm, the United States would now govern “for” its people: it would enact laws, establish a currency, raise armies, underwrite transportation and higher education, assist farmers, and impose taxes for them. Lincoln believed this agenda would foster the economic opportunity he had always sought for upwardly striving Americans, and which he would seek in particular for enslaved Black Americans. Ways and Means PDF
Salmon Chase, Lincoln’s vanquished rival and his new secretary of the Treasury, waged war on the financial front, levying taxes and marketing bonds while desperately battling to contain wartime inflation. And while the Union and Rebel armies fought increasingly savage battles, the Republican-led Congress enacted a blizzard of legislation that made the government, for the first time, a powerful presence in the lives of ordinary Americans. The impact was revolutionary. The activist 37th Congress legislated for homesteads and a transcontinental railroad and involved the federal government in education, agriculture, and eventually immigration policy. It established a progressive income tax and created the greenback—paper money. While the Union became self-sustaining, the South plunged into financial free fall, having failed to leverage its cotton wealth to finance the war. Founded in a crucible of anticentralism, the Confederacy was trapped in a static (and slave-based) agrarian economy without federal taxing power or other means of government financing, save for its overworked printing presses. This led to an epic collapse. Though Confederate troops continued to hold their own, the North’s financial advantage over the South, where citizens increasingly went hungry, proved decisive; the war was won as much (or more) in the respective treasuries as on the battlefields.
Roger Lowenstein reveals the largely untold story of how Lincoln used the urgency of the Civil War to transform a union of states into a nation. Through a financial lens, he explores how this second American revolution, led by Lincoln, his cabinet, and a Congress studded with towering statesmen, changed the direction of the country and established a government of the people, by the people, and for the people.
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Illustrations of Ways and Means PDF
This book Ways and Means PDF is one of the most trusted and renowned book for the subject of politics and social sciences by some of the leading teachers and professors around the world as it has the qualities to enhance the thinking and knowledge of how the world works around politics and socialism. It is a must read for anyone who aspires to teach themselves and all others around them about how this world of today and in the past worked and how they can create an impact on the future.
The Writers
Roger Lowenstein has written numerous critically acclaimed books, including the New York Times bestsellers Buffett, When Genius Failed, and The End of Wall Street. He has three children and lives with his wife, Judy Slovin, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Tenants Harbor, Maine.
Proportions of Ways and Means PDF
- Publisher : Penguin Press (March 8, 2022)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 448 pages
- International Standard Book Number-10 : 0735223556
- International Standard Book Number-13 : 978-0735223554
- Item Weight : 1.6 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.41 x 1.35 x 9.64 inches
Reviews From Customers
Lowenstein’s book is a compelling account of how the United States acquired and exploited the stunning power that modern statehood delivers.” —The Washington Post
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