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Creating Modern Neuroscience The Revolutionary 1950s PDF Free Download

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Features of Creating Modern Neuroscience The Revolutionary 1950s PDF

For modern scientists, history often starts with last week’s journals and is regarded as largely a quaint interest compared with the advances of today. However, this book makes the case that, measured by major advances, the greatest decade in the history of brain studies was mid-twentieth century, especially the 1950s. The first to focus on worldwide contributions in this period, the book ranges through dozens of astonishing discoveries at all levels of the brain, from DNA (Watson and Crick), through growth factors (Hamburger and Levi-Montalcini), excitability (Hodgkin and Huxley), synapses (Katz and Eccles), dopamine and Parkinson’s (Carlsson), visual processing (Hartline and Kuffler), the cortical column (Mountcastle), reticular activating system (Morruzzi and Magoun) and REM sleep (Aserinsky), to stress (Selye), learning (Hebb) and memory (HM and Milner). The clinical fields are also covered, from Cushing and Penfield, psychosurgery and brain energy metabolism (Kety), to most of the major psychoactive drugs in use today (beginning with Delay and Deniker), and much more.Creating Modern Neuroscience The Revolutionary 1950s PDF

The material has been the basis for a highly successful advanced undergraduate and graduate course at Yale, with the classic papers organized and accessible on the web. There is interest for a wide range of readers, academic, and lay because there is a focus on the creative process itself, on understanding how the combination of unique personalities, innovative hypotheses, and new methods led to the advances. Insight is given into this process through describing the struggles between male and female, student and mentor, academic and private sector, and the roles of chance and persistence. The book thus provides a new multidisciplinary understanding of the revolution that created the modern field of neuroscience and set the bar for judging current and future advances.

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Description of Creating Modern Neuroscience The Revolutionary 1950s PDF

Health, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, medicine, surgery, and nursing textbooks will likely be at your side throughout your medical studies, and you’ll be reading through countless scientific papers, but you might want to read something beforehand that gives you insight into the world of medicine in practice – whether that’s research, at the clinic or in the operating room. The most featured and reviewed on book Creating Modern Neuroscience The Revolutionary 1950s PDF is available for grabs now here on our website free for students and professionals sole purpose of teaching and education. It has been boasted and proven with thousands of user reviews that it has all the information to make you one of the highly qualified professionals in the world of medicine and its branches. Without a doubt a masterpiece for those who aspire to be doctors or heal those they find in ailment. It is a must read again and again for everyone that can get their hands on this limited edition book. If you are a medical student or are still thinking about it, you will find yourself reading many books like encyclopedia health books. Being a medical student is not easy. Another of the many benefits of reading books is that it reduces stress and anxiety. As a medical student, it is normal for you to feel scared due to being overwhelmed. You’ll be completely focused on the story or advice, which calms you down and makes you happier, especially if you’re reading something happy and moving. When you finish reading, you can be calm enough to look at your problem differently. Every time you read a book, you build some relationship with these characters. Even if you are only different in paper and ink, you are still connected to that character. Sometimes you’re even in their thoughts. This alleviates the feeling of isolation because you feel connected to these characters. It also alleviates feelings of exhaustion and despair when you’re reading something exciting and happy. Download it now.

The Authors

Gordon M. Shepherd is Professor of Neuroscience and Neurobiology at Yale University. –This text refers to the hardcover edition.

Dimensions and Characteristics of Creating Modern Neuroscience The Revolutionary 1950s PDF

Identification Number ‏ : ‎ B0030EFW3I
Publisher ‏ : ‎ Oxford University Press; 1st edition (October 28, 2009)
Publication date ‏ : ‎ October 28, 2009
Language ‏ : ‎ English
File size ‏ : ‎ 3989 KB
Text-to-Speech ‏ : ‎ Enabled
Enhanced typesetting ‏ : ‎ Not Enabled
X-Ray ‏ : ‎ Not Enabled
Word Wise ‏ : ‎ Not Enabled
Print length ‏ : ‎ 304 pages
Lending ‏ : ‎ Enabled

Top reviews

eduardo schenberg

Where are the psychedelics?

May 11, 2013

I just bought this for Kindle and got impressed and frustrated.

Impressed because I also have come to realize the 50s as an essential time of creativity and enormous discoveries in neuropsychopharmacology and was happy to find a whole book about it. I enjoyed reading right at the introduction that the lack of interest in the history of neuroscience is making researchers in the field uninterested in some big and important questions, while they put excessive emphasis on modern technology and more and more data on the same assumptions and theoretical models.

However, I got really frustrated because I got to quickly discover, using the search function of digital books (what a delight!) that LSD, synthesized in 1938 and discovered as the most potent pharmaceutical to interact with human consciousness in 1943, makes only marginal appearances in the book; while mescaline, known since the end of the XIX century, does not appear at all. Mescaline was for sure the first chemical to prove that body and mind are directly related, and this opened the door for further serious and good experimentation with LSD during the 50s. Both mescaline and LSD are older than all pharmaceuticals he explores in chapter 15: “Neuropsychiatry: The Breakthrough in neuropsychopharmacology”. Until 1951, more than 100 articles were published on LSD. Until 1961, it was more than a thousand (see Eryka Dick’s Psychedelic Psychiatry: LSD from Clinic to Campus ). These numbers gives a good estimate of how much was left out from this book, that claims to focus on the origins of neuroscience during the 50s!

The molecules ignored in the book, as well as it source plants, used for millenia, were the true catalysts of the modern revolution in neurochemistry, with important clinical results still awaiting to be incorporated in our society (see the recent review and meta-analysis on LSD treatments for alcoholism by Teri S Krebs and Pål-Ørjan Johansen at Journal of Psychopharmacology, and Roland Griffiths work on psilocybin and spiritual experiences, for example). But both LSD and mescaline, as well as other psychedelics discovered during the 50s, such as DMT, LSA and psilocybin, were blatantly left out from this book.

To a scientist claiming that the 50s gave birth to modern neuroscience, leaving out these molecules with high important roles during this decade is a serious mistake. Things get worse when he claims, right in the beginning of the book, that the history of neuroscience includes the ethics of how research is conducted. According to the author, there are six axis to this, and the sixth is politics. I can figure out no other reason for the author to leave LSD, mescaline, and other psychedelics out of his narrative. After all, they are powerful molecules in altering brain functions, yet among the least toxic pharmaceuticals known to humankind. Why, scientifically, would they be left out? As the author argues, “science thrives when scientists can function free of any political intrusion or coercion”. Unfortunately, that is not what he has done, and not what is happening around psychedelics.

The topic is highly important as psychedelics are back again in top journals and universities, with very promising therapeutic applications coming forward. Also, some very important basic discoveries, such as the existence of more than one serotonin receptor (during the 80s) was made using no other molecule but Hofmann’s LSD. LSD was also crucial for Francis Crick work on the structure of DNA, a discovery revered in the book, but with the role of LSD totally ignored (with LSD coming back to revolutionize molecular biology once again stimulating the discovery of PCR by Karry Mullis). After that, psychedelics were crucial in the establishment of the concept of functional selectivity, the most important breakthrough in pharmacology since the idea of “lock and key” explored in the book. Too much to leave out!

It is because of these political decisions of the 60s, mainly in USA, that these substances are still illegal, a situation that is hampering scientific progress around this molecules and hindering the neuroscientific research on creativity and consciousness, simply the largest and most profound question that neuroscience still has to investigate. As the author puts forward, the lack of interest in the historical aspects “encourages a drift from making paradigm-shift scholarly science”. When he ignored psychedelics, he clearly ignored the most paradigm-shifting research of all, that is happening right now, and was already happening while he was writing this book. Psychedelics and psychedelic-inspired insights are challenging to a great extent the basis of the materialistic neuroscientific paradigm that claims the brain as the whole creator of the conscious experience.
Students reading this must be aware of the extremely biased point of view adopted in this book toward the development of neuropsychopharmacology in the 50s.

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